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Bologna Country Updates: Austria

Published: May 1, 2004

VIEW UPCOMING WEBINARS ON POPULAR COUNTRY SYSTEMS OF EDUCATIONLegislative Framework The higher education sector in Austria is currently undergoing a fundamental process of reform. The reform movement started in 1993 with the implementation of the University Organization Act, which promoted greater institutional autonomy, more efficient…

eWENR, July/August 1999: W. Europe

Published: July 1, 1999

Regional News W. Europe AUSTRIA Increasing numbers of Bulgarians are flocking to Vienna for higher education. At the University of Economics in Vienna, for example, they now comprise the largest contingency of foreign students: 655 out of a total student population of 22,000. According to…

↑ 1.	Medium Range Projection. United Nations. 2015. World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision, accessed February 2017, https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/publications/files/key_findings_wpp_2015.pdf
↑ 2.	Student mobility data from different sources such as UNESCO, the Institute of International Education, and the governments of various countries may be inconsistent, in some cases showing substantially different numbers of international students, whether inbound, or outbound, from or in particular countries. This is due to a number of factors, including: data capture methodology, data integrity, definitions of ‘international student,’ and/or types of mobility captured (credit, degree, etc.). WENR’s policy is not to favor any given source over any other, but to try and be transparent about what we are reporting, and to footnote numbers which may raise questions about discrepancies. This article includes data reported by multiple agencies.
↑ 3.	International Organization for Migration. 2014. Promoting Better Management of Migration in Nigeria: Needs assessment of the Nigerian Education Sector. Abuja. Accessed February 2017, https://nigeria.iom.int/, p. 19.
↑ 4.	Ibid., p. 20
↑ 5.	The General Certificate of Education O-Level Examination that was offered in Nigeria until 1989 has been replaced by a second annual SSC exam in November/December.
↑ 6.	For an overview of the development of the university system see: Iruonagbe, C.T . and Egharevba, M.E. Higher Education in Nigeria and the Emergence of Private Universities. In: International Journal of Education and Research, Vol. 3 No. 2, February 2015, pp.49 -56. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/32225370.pdf
↑ 7.	More recent data from UIS are not available as of early 2017.
↑ 8.	International Organization for Migration. 2014. Promoting Better Management, p. 21.
↑ 9.	Ibid.
↑ 10.	Osipian, Ararat L. 2013. Recruitment and admissions: Fostering transparency on the path to higher education. In: Transparency International. Global Corruption Report: Education. Routledge. 148-154, Accessed February 2017, https://www.transparency.org/whatwedo/publication/global_corruption_report_education, 149.
↑ 11.	Transparency International. 2013. Introduction. Global Corruption Report: Education. Routledge. Accessed February 2017, https://www.transparency.org/whatwedo/publication/global_corruption_report_education, 8.
↑ 12.	Bretag, Tracey. 2013. Short-cut students: From academic misconduct to academic integrity, In: Transparency International. Global Corruption Report: Education. Routledge. 171-177, Accessed February 2017, https://www.transparency.org/whatwedo/publication/global_corruption_report_education, 173.

Austria

Bologna Country Updates: Austria

eWENR, July/August 1999: W. Europe

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