Education in the Russian Federation

By WES Staff CLICK TO READ OUR LATEST PROFILE ON EDUCATION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATIONThe education system of the Russian Federation has undergone significant change since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. During Soviet times, education was highly centralized and state ideology was…

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A Practical Guide to Bologna Tools and Instruments

By Nick Clark, Assistant Editor, WENR Introduction The new bachelor’s and master’s ‘Bologna degrees’ started filtering into evaluators’ inboxes at World Education Services (WES) soon after the first graduating class – 2002/03 – began applying for a U.S. equivalency of their newly awarded degrees. As…

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Bologna Country Updates: Italy and Austria

By Nick Clark, Assistant Editor, WENR Status of the Implementation Process In an attempt to benchmark progress that has been made towards the goal of establishing a European Higher Education Area by 2010, WENR is providing updates on the structural, legislative and institutional changes that…

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Bologna Country Update: Italy

By Nick Clark, Assistant Editor, WENR Legislative Framework Since 1996 the Italian higher education system has been undergoing a wide and ambitious reform process that has been seeking to restructure and innovate curriculum, governance and organization. The reforms were largely lead by academics from the…

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Bologna Country Update: Austria

By Nick Clark, Assistant Editor, WENR Legislative Framework The higher education sector in Austria is currently undergoing a fundamental process of reform. The reform movement started in 1993 with the implementation of the University Organization Act, which promoted greater institutional autonomy, more efficient management structures,…

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