By Nick Clark, Assistant Editor, WENR Legislative Framework Flemish Community Since the constitutional reforms of 1989, education is no longer organized or subsidized by the state, but is administered by the education ministries of each of the three linguistic communities. Prior to the Bologna Declaration,…
By Nick Clark, Assistant Editor, WENR Status of the Implementation Process In an attempt to benchmark progress that has been made towards the goal of establishing a European Higher Education Area by 2010, WENR is providing updates on the structural, legislative and institutional changes that…
By Nick Clark, Assistant Editor, WENR CLICK TO READ OUT LATEST PROFILE ON EDUCATION IN THE NETHERLANDSLegislative Framework The Dutch higher education system is a binary system consisting of a university sector, which includes 14 universities, and the non-university sector known as hoger beroepsonderwijs (HBO)…
By Nick Clark, Assistant Editor, WENR Legislative Framework The Higher Education Act of 1990 introduced a structure of higher education featuring a two-tiered system of undergraduate and graduate degrees in contrast to the pre-1989 system based on the five-year integrated Soviet model. It also guaranteed…
By Mariam Assefa, Executive Director, WES, and Robert Sedgwick, Editor, WENR I. Introduction Since the signing of the Bologna Declaration in 1999, Europe has gradually been moving toward a two-tiered system of higher education based on separate bachelor’s and master’s degrees. Countries that have the…